[教育] 去年约八千中国留美学生被开除

　　美国某留学生综合教育机构发布了《2015留美中国学生现状白皮书》，首次专门就遭开除的学生群体做出分析。数据显示，有八成中国留美学生因学术表现差或学术操守问题被开除。

　　2014年，中国出国留学的学生人数为45.98万人。低龄化留学生成为新力军。根据报告，开除的学生因学术不诚实的比例占22.98%，学术表现差的比例占57.56%。

　　白皮书说，学术不诚实是中国留学生最容易犯的问题，例如抄袭、考试作弊或协同作弊、代考或代课、成绩造假、想改成绩被举报、保留往届考卷、对老师撒谎、伪造导师签名等。其主因是中国留学生对规范引用的意识“比较模糊”。

　　此外，被开除的学生中过半GPA(平均成绩点数)低于2.0。但被开除的并非都是“差生”，数十个被开除的学生甚至来自常青藤大学。理工类专业学生和经济商管类专业学生是被开除的“重灾区”。同时，进入学校第一学年的学生更有可能被开除。超过87%的被开除学生在美时间不超过3年，其中43.22%的人在美不超过1年。

　　美国是中国学生出国留学的首选之地，但是许多学生赴美就读的科系，是因为家人或者朋友的建议，并没有考虑到本身的能力，这也导致后来出现学习困难。

　　Chinese students regularly rank among the best performing in the world, but that’s not always the case when they enroll in US schools. As many as8,000 Chinese studentsin the US, were kicked out of their universities last year, according to the Pennsylvania-based education consultancy WholeRen. In 81% of 1,657 cases studied by WholeRen, the reason for expulsion was poor academic performance or cheating, according toa white paperreleased by the company.

　　Stacked up against the huge numbers of Chinese students who go to American universities every year, the failure rate isn’t so bad, WholeRen said, though it does suggest a change in the once-shining image of students from China.

　　“Chinese students used to be considered top-notch but over the past five years their image has changed completely — wealthy kids who cheat,” said Chen Hang, chief development officer at WholeRen, which is based in Pittsburgh, Pa.

　　Two decades of rapid economic growth and a burgeoning middle class have given Chinese parents more resources to send their children abroad.

　　Last year alone, 459,800 students went overseas to study, according to China’s Ministry of Education. Most financed their studies on their own or had scholarships from a U.S. university. Only 4.6% of them were sponsored by the Chinese government.

　　Students from China account for nearly one-third of all international students in the U.S., taking the single largest share, according to a March report by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Financially strained public universities are aggressively recruiting students from abroad.

　　Unlike American students who more frequently enter programs that fit their capabilities, Chinese students care most about the reputation of the school, trying hard to get into the top universities. But in reality they are not always prepared to study in highly-competitive programs, said Mr. Chen. More than half of the Chinese students expelled were from top 100 U.S. universities, the survey found. Cheating at exams, plagiarism and finding other students to write papers for them were frequently cited as the specific causes of expulsion, the survey showed.

　　It also said the problem wasn’t just with Chinese students that chose to go to the U.S. “This is an issue not just about students in the U.S., but about the entire higher-education system in China,” said the unsigned commentary.

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